More shoulder protection than a spaulder, covers some portion of the armpit, or at least the typical weak spot in most plate harnesses where an enemy’s weapon could slip into the wearer’s armpit.
Shown here is a “Horseman’s Pauldron” which is symmetrical back-to-front.
Not all pauldrons are as big as this one, and some are fluted, and some have guards. This one has two upper lames and the upper edge on the top lame is rolled since it will likely contact the wearer’s neck at times. The upper lames articulate just a little bit as a single rivet is used at each end. The main plate shows some slight wrinkling in this light, at both the top and bottom edges. The two rivets in the middle of the main plate (one is barely seen here) are how the lower lames are held on with leather straps, to cover the biceps.
Shown here is the main plate of a fancier, fluted pauldron:
Also see “Making Scout’s Pauldrons” for some how-to.
Tons more to show…